Friday, January 31, 2020
Behavioral risk factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Behavioral risk factors - Essay Example Academy of Sciences cites some specific behaviors that influence health such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical exercise and food intake, sexual practices, and disease diagnosis. Despite the availability of data on the direct effects of these behaviors on a person’s health and his contraction of potentially chronic diseases, they remain at a staggering level. Primary prevention with early screening and detection, together with an overall change in attitude are important to address illnesses prevention and obviate disease transmission (2001). The importance of community engagement in wholesome activities cannot be stressed enough. In this regard, the companies together with local health personnel should work together in implementing activities that promote a healthy lifestyle. Sports activities that initiate larger group participation are ideal and convenient. Information drives through a wider audience employing the mass media will also be vital to update people of the most recent health hazards and various studies. In addition, the different companies should encourage their employees to avail of provided for medical consults at the onset of their health concerns to ensure early
Thursday, January 23, 2020
Case #1- Toyota :: essays research papers
Toyota Revs up U.S. Sales Threats: †¢Ã‚     The Japanese market is getting more competitive and Toyota is loosing sales to Nissan and Honda. †¢Ã‚     Chevrolet and Ford are selling better in the U.S. †¢Ã‚     The â€Å"Toyota takeover†is not assured. †¢Ã‚     Japanese manufactures gaining a foothold in the US market. †¢Ã‚     American companies are working to update the styling of their cars. Opportunities: †¢Ã‚     Exploiting the U.S. †¢Ã‚     Attaining more local managers in order to Americanize. †¢Ã‚     Import taxes and current risk are reduced by manufacturing 2/3 of the cars U.S. and keeping revenues and expenses in U.S. dollars. †¢Ã‚     Spending salaries on 123,000 American employees at their facilities. Strengths: †¢Ã‚     Understanding the US consumer needs and wants. †¢Ã‚     Toyota will likely pass Ford’s sales in the near future. †¢Ã‚     Known for their effectiveness in long-term planning. †¢Ã‚     Not as dependant on Japan anymore. †¢Ã‚     Utilizing American designers to compete effectively in the U.S. market. †¢Ã‚     The American competitors have been slow to respond to Toyota’s threat. †¢Ã‚     The development of a car powered by a hydrogen fuel cell. †¢Ã‚     As a company, Toyota is beginning to set better long-term goals. †¢Ã‚     Getting accepted as an â€Å"American Brand†Weaknesses: †¢Ã‚     In the beginning, Toyota had a very conservative approach to goals. †¢Ã‚     Failure to recognize a market opportunity to introduce a full-size truck. †¢Ã‚     Slowing economies in Southeastern Asian countries. †¢Ã‚     Loosing money in Japanese market. †¢Ã‚     Traditionalists inside Toyota do not like where the company is headed and want to stick to old ways. Ford 2 Toyota uses a multi-domestic strategy in their U.S. auto division. The company is international and caters to each country’s needs in which they do business. For example, in the U.S., Toyota has hired designers and managers in order to gain a better understanding of what Americans want. The cars Americans are buying today were manufactured here in the U.S. Thus, Toyota has kept their headquarters in Japan but is catering to consumers using different products and marketing strategies throughout the world while not treating the globe as a whole. This decision was based on information from the book as well as class lectures on chapter 8. According to the textbook, it seems quite possible for Toyota to achieve their corporate goals.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Chapter 2: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research
Chapter 2: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research Answers to Review Questions 2. 1. Describe the key features of quantitative and qualitative research. Just look at Table 2. 1, which shows the key characteristics of these two approaches in their pure or extreme forms as well as the characteristics of mixed research. I will mention a few of these here. Quantitative research uses the deductive or confirmatory or â€Å"top down†scientific method; it is used primarily for description, explanation, and prediction. It is based on quantitative data, in particular on the analysis of variables.The results are statistical and a goal is to generalize the results. In qualitative research, in contrast, the â€Å"bottom up†or inductive exploratory method is used; it is used primarily for the purposes of description and exploration and to gain an understanding of how people think and experience their lives. It is based on qualitative data which during analysis are examined fo r patterns, themes, and holistic features. A narrative report is presented and generalization is usually not a goal because the focus is on the local, the personal, the subjective. 2. 2. Describe the key features of mixed research.Mixed research is the third and newest research methodology paradigm. As you can see in Table 2. 1 it tries to mix the best of qualitative and quantitative research into research studies. Philosophically, mixed research takes an eclectic, pragmatic, and commonsense approach, suggesting that the researcher mix quantitative and qualitative in a way that works best for the given research question being studied in a particular context. Mixed research uses both deductive and inductive methods, obtains both quantitative and qualitative data, attempts to corroborate and complement findings, and takes a balanced approach to research.Later in the chapter you will learn about the fundamental principle of mixed research which states that when planning mixed research, the researcher should mix methods or procedures in a way that the resulting mixture or combination has complementary strengths and nonoverlapping weaknesses. 2. 3. What is the difference between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable? Think of an example of each. A categorical variable varies in type or kind and a quantitative variable varies in degree or amount. An example of the former is gender, and an example of the latter is class size. . 4. Why is experimental research more effective than nonexperimental research when a researcher is interested in studying cause and effect? Strong experimental research designs (i. e. , the best experiments) include both manipulation and random assignment; nonexperimental has neither of these. â€Å"Manipulation†is an action taken by the researcher in the world (e. g. , providing a treatment to one group and a control condition to another group); manipulation allows us to see a manipulation first, and then observe the outco me or result of the manipulation. Random assignment†makes the groups similar on ALL extraneous variables at the beginning of the experiment; hence, the only difference between the groups will be the level of independent variable received, allowing the differences observed after the experiment is completed to be attributed to the manipulated independent variable. 2. 5. What are the main problems with the simple cases of causal-comparative and correlational research? The problem with BOTH of these simple cases is that the researcher has no manipulation, no random assignment, and is only able to determine whether a statistical relationship is present.Observing a relationship is NOT enough information to attribute causation. To make a causal attribution, you need to meet three conditions: 1) show that there is a relationship, 2) show that you have the correct time ordering of your variables, that is, if A causes B then A must precede B in time, and 3) all alternative explanations must be ruled out. Again, all the simple cases give us is a relationship (i. e. , condition 1). (On the other hand, a well conducted strong experiment satisfies all three conditions. ) 2. 6 What are two variables that you believe are positively correlated?Study time the night before an exam and test grades (i. e. , the greater the study time, the higher the grades). 2. 7. What are two variables that you believe are negatively correlated? Amount of time spent partying the night before a test and test grades (i. e. , the greater the time spent partying, the lower the grades).. 2. 8. What are the different types of qualitative research, and what is the defining feature of each of these? The types are phenomenology, ethnography, case study research, grounded theory, and historical research.Here are the definitions, with the key ideas underlined: (a) Phenomenology: a form of qualitative research in which the researcher attempts to understand how one or more individuals experience a phen omenon. (b) Ethnography: a form of qualitative research focused on describing the culture of a group of people. (c) Case study research: a form of qualitative research that is focused on providing a detailed account of one or more cases. (d) Grounded theory research: a qualitative approach to generating a theory from the data that the researcher collects. e) Historical research: research about events in the past. 2. 9. What is mixed research, and what is an example of this kind of research? Mixed research (also commonly called mixed methods research) is research in which the researcher uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches in a single research study. Example: study the members of the snake handling churches in the Southern Tennessee/West Georgia using participant observation and using quantitative measurement instruments to profile the participants on variables of interest.Both sorts of data will likely provide useful information. 2. 10. What are the three re search paradigms in education and what are the major types of research in each of these paradigms? (Hint: See Figure 2. 3 in your textbook. ) They are quantitative research, qualitative research, and mixed research. Quantitative research has two major subtypes: experimental and nonexperimental research; qualitative research has five major subtypes: phenomenology, ethnography, case study, grounded theory, and historical research. Chapter 2: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research Chapter 2: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research Answers to Review Questions 2. 1. Describe the key features of quantitative and qualitative research. Just look at Table 2. 1, which shows the key characteristics of these two approaches in their pure or extreme forms as well as the characteristics of mixed research. I will mention a few of these here. Quantitative research uses the deductive or confirmatory or â€Å"top down†scientific method; it is used primarily for description, explanation, and prediction. It is based on quantitative data, in particular on the analysis of variables.The results are statistical and a goal is to generalize the results. In qualitative research, in contrast, the â€Å"bottom up†or inductive exploratory method is used; it is used primarily for the purposes of description and exploration and to gain an understanding of how people think and experience their lives. It is based on qualitative data which during analysis are examined fo r patterns, themes, and holistic features. A narrative report is presented and generalization is usually not a goal because the focus is on the local, the personal, the subjective. 2. 2. Describe the key features of mixed research.Mixed research is the third and newest research methodology paradigm. As you can see in Table 2. 1 it tries to mix the best of qualitative and quantitative research into research studies. Philosophically, mixed research takes an eclectic, pragmatic, and commonsense approach, suggesting that the researcher mix quantitative and qualitative in a way that works best for the given research question being studied in a particular context. Mixed research uses both deductive and inductive methods, obtains both quantitative and qualitative data, attempts to corroborate and complement findings, and takes a balanced approach to research.Later in the chapter you will learn about the fundamental principle of mixed research which states that when planning mixed research, the researcher should mix methods or procedures in a way that the resulting mixture or combination has complementary strengths and nonoverlapping weaknesses. 2. 3. What is the difference between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable? Think of an example of each. A categorical variable varies in type or kind and a quantitative variable varies in degree or amount. An example of the former is gender, and an example of the latter is class size. . 4. Why is experimental research more effective than nonexperimental research when a researcher is interested in studying cause and effect? Strong experimental research designs (i. e. , the best experiments) include both manipulation and random assignment; nonexperimental has neither of these. â€Å"Manipulation†is an action taken by the researcher in the world (e. g. , providing a treatment to one group and a control condition to another group); manipulation allows us to see a manipulation first, and then observe the outco me or result of the manipulation. Random assignment†makes the groups similar on ALL extraneous variables at the beginning of the experiment; hence, the only difference between the groups will be the level of independent variable received, allowing the differences observed after the experiment is completed to be attributed to the manipulated independent variable. 2. 5. What are the main problems with the simple cases of causal-comparative and correlational research? The problem with BOTH of these simple cases is that the researcher has no manipulation, no random assignment, and is only able to determine whether a statistical relationship is present.Observing a relationship is NOT enough information to attribute causation. To make a causal attribution, you need to meet three conditions: 1) show that there is a relationship, 2) show that you have the correct time ordering of your variables, that is, if A causes B then A must precede B in time, and 3) all alternative explanations must be ruled out. Again, all the simple cases give us is a relationship (i. e. , condition 1). (On the other hand, a well conducted strong experiment satisfies all three conditions. ) 2. 6 What are two variables that you believe are positively correlated?Study time the night before an exam and test grades (i. e. , the greater the study time, the higher the grades). 2. 7. What are two variables that you believe are negatively correlated? Amount of time spent partying the night before a test and test grades (i. e. , the greater the time spent partying, the lower the grades).. 2. 8. What are the different types of qualitative research, and what is the defining feature of each of these? The types are phenomenology, ethnography, case study research, grounded theory, and historical research.Here are the definitions, with the key ideas underlined: (a) Phenomenology: a form of qualitative research in which the researcher attempts to understand how one or more individuals experience a phen omenon. (b) Ethnography: a form of qualitative research focused on describing the culture of a group of people. (c) Case study research: a form of qualitative research that is focused on providing a detailed account of one or more cases. (d) Grounded theory research: a qualitative approach to generating a theory from the data that the researcher collects. e) Historical research: research about events in the past. 2. 9. What is mixed research, and what is an example of this kind of research? Mixed research (also commonly called mixed methods research) is research in which the researcher uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches in a single research study. Example: study the members of the snake handling churches in the Southern Tennessee/West Georgia using participant observation and using quantitative measurement instruments to profile the participants on variables of interest.Both sorts of data will likely provide useful information. 2. 10. What are the three re search paradigms in education and what are the major types of research in each of these paradigms? (Hint: See Figure 2. 3 in your textbook. ) They are quantitative research, qualitative research, and mixed research. Quantitative research has two major subtypes: experimental and nonexperimental research; qualitative research has five major subtypes: phenomenology, ethnography, case study, grounded theory, and historical research.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Mr. Trump And Foreign Policy - 1661 Words
Mr. Trump has proven since he is not like his predecessors before him. He is going to change how the United States deals with foreign-policy. He plans to go with the American first logit, but according to NPR he has already broke his promise about putting Americans first. NPR stated the following â€Å"†¦ American role in the world, a so-called America First agenda. His decision to strike Syria in response to a sarin gas attack was another surprising turn-about. White House officials say this is a sign that the Trump doctrine is not doctrinaire†(Kelemen, 2017). NPR also mentions in the article that a person may get whiplash from watching Trump’s foreign-policy because he seems to change his mind a lot. It seems like President Trump is taking†¦show more content†¦He also likes to go right to a war situation for example the strikes he did on Syria after they gas their citizens. Instead of talking to United Nations and figuring out a way they could reprimand Syria without hurting more Syrian citizens. When it comes to trumps administration and diplomats he seems very uncaring of what they do and just wants to cut their spending. According to the Los Angeles post they said the following: â€Å"In President Trump s new proposed budget, the State Department and its foreign-aid programs take a huge cut, one that several experts have said will be devastating for global American diplomacy. But the head of the department, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, seemed unconcerned Thursday†(Wilkinson, 2017). For Trump to cut back on spending on diplomats spending it shows that he does not care a lot about the foreign relations in other countries. When he has put more money into military spending by doing this he is showing that he would rather go to war with countries then talk it out and come up with the agreeable solution. Also, by the Secretary of State not caring about the budget cuts in speaking out for his department it shows that the Trump administration does not care. For the most part it seems like President Trump, is following military traditions. He has military personnel on his cabinet. During his inauguration, he laid aShow MoreRelatedRelations Between The United States And Mexico1218 Words  | 5 Pages Since Donald Trump has been elected, world politics are in trouble, free - trade agreements gradually canceled and the objection of immigrants from Mexico. These problems have led the United States are in an alarming condition. The United States will meet many difficulties in controlling these situations inside the country. The relationship between the United States and Mexico have never reconciled because of Mexican Wall. Latin America will not be a priority in the external relations from theRead MoreThe Trump Economic Pl Trade, Regulatory And Energy Policy Impacts, By Peter Navarro And Wilbur Ross Essay1440 Words  | 6 Pagesreviewing Donald Trump economic report, â€Å"Scoring the Trump Economic Plan: Trade, Regulatory and Energy Policy Impacts,†was written by Peter Navarro and Wilbur Ross. In addition to Jared Bernstein, â€Å"Dethrone ‘King Dollar,’†The New York Times, August 27, 2014. Neil Irwin, â€Å"The Trade Deficit Isn’t a Scorecar d, and Cutting It Won’t Make America Great Again,†The New York Times, 3/27/2016 and Kenneth Rogoff, â€Å"Anti-Trade Rhetoric is a Recipe for Disaster,†The Boston Globe, 4/11/2016. Mr. Navarro is anRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Anti Rhetoric1388 Words  | 6 Pagespolitical room to maneuver. Reagan may have come across as a dumb thespian, but he spent decades honing his views on public policy and writing his own speeches. 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